Dominant species include Abies cilicica and Cedrus libani. In these areas, the mountains receive most of their precipitation in the form of winter snow fall followed by long hot summers. Similar climates occur in the mountains of Cyprus and Sicily where restricted endemics such as Cedrus brevifolia and Abies nebrodensis occur. The temperate broadleaf and mixed forests of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia in the Balkans, which also occur cover limestone mountains, supports fragmented populations of Picea omorika while the sparsely forested karst limestone coast have locally recognised narrow endemic threatened pines. The threats to conifers in this region are numerous: they include fire, over-grazing, habitat loss through urbanisation and deforestation, pathogen and pest outbreaks that are associated with prolonged droughts that are symptomatic of climate change and more locally, negative activities associated with winter sports.